ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯎꯅꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯅꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕꯒꯦ?

I. ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯦꯗꯞꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ
꯱.ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ:

- ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ: ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯛꯇꯤ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 200-300mpa), ꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ (ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ 2.7g/cm3), ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ-ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ; ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯣꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯃꯆꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯄꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥ (ꯃꯦꯠ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯛ, ꯆꯦꯝꯄꯤꯌꯟ ꯒꯣꯜꯗ, ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯆꯤꯡꯕꯥ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯗꯔꯅꯤꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯏ꯫

- ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ: ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯇꯆ, ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯎꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

꯲.ꯎꯗꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯟ: ꯱.

- ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯎ (ꯋꯥꯂꯅꯠ, ꯑꯣꯀꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯆꯔ, ꯋꯥꯔꯝ ꯇꯆ, ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯗꯦꯁꯤꯕꯦꯜ ꯱꯵-꯲꯰ꯒꯤ ꯅꯣꯡꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯁꯣꯔꯁ "ꯑꯥꯔꯀꯤꯇꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯦꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯃꯦꯅꯨꯑꯦꯜ"), ꯆꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯄꯥꯅꯤꯖꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ꯫

- ꯈꯨꯗꯣꯡꯆꯥꯗꯕꯁꯤꯡ: ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ (ꯃꯩꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 12%ꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯌꯕꯥ, ꯃꯩ ꯆꯥꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ (B2 ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯀꯝꯕꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯜ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ)꯫

2. ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯅꯥꯔꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ
꯱.ꯀꯝꯃꯔꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯏ ꯍꯨꯃꯤꯗꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ:

- ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯇꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁ ꯕꯤꯜꯗꯤꯡꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯆꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ-ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏ (ꯁꯣꯜꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯞꯔꯦ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯩꯁꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯗꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯡ ꯱꯰꯰꯰ ꯌꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ)꯫

- ꯎꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯇꯔ ꯚꯦꯄꯣꯔꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ-ꯇꯥꯔꯝ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯛꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯕꯥꯊꯔꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯇꯌꯥꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯀꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯟ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ (ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 30% ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ) ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫

꯲.ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯃꯣꯁ꯭ꯐꯤꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ:

- ꯎꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯚꯦꯁꯤ (ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯁꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯎꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯐꯥꯏꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯣꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ (ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯍꯣꯔꯃꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯱꯰%-꯱꯵% ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫

- ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯕꯦꯗꯔꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯀꯣꯜꯗ ꯐꯤꯜꯂꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯛ ꯁꯣꯐ꯭ꯠ ꯐꯔꯅꯤꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫

ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯳.
꯱.ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ: ꯱.

- ꯂꯥꯏꯐ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯲꯰ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯀꯟꯖꯨꯝ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ (ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯇꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯟ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯇꯟ ꯱꯶ꯅꯤ, ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯑꯦꯁꯅꯗꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯅꯤ)꯫

- ꯔꯤꯁꯥꯏꯀꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 90%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫

꯲.ꯎꯗ: ꯱.

- ꯃꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯅꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯋꯥꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ (ꯆꯍꯤ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ 1-2 ꯔꯛ), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯜ ꯋꯥꯡꯏ; ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯔꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯐ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯁꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯅꯦꯕꯜ ꯎ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯟꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫

ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ: ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯕꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯇꯦꯗ ꯑꯦꯗꯚꯥꯟꯇꯦꯖ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯗꯤꯁꯑꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯆꯌꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯖꯦꯠ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯀꯣꯔꯗꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣ ꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯅꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯈꯅꯕꯥ; ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯏꯅꯁꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯎ ꯈꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯃꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯨꯃꯤꯅꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫